The first section of the South Shore Line opened on September 1, 1971. The color was chosen because the line ended at Harvard University, whose school color is crimson, a shade of red. The color red was assigned on Augto what had been called the Cambridge-Dorchester Tunnel and marked on maps as route 1. The first phase of the Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line opened on August 26, 1929, using the rest of the Shawmut Branch right-of-way, including the Cedar Grove station, and part of the old Dorchester and Milton Branch. The rest of the extension opened to Ashmont and Codman Yard on September 1, 1928, and included a station - Shawmut - where there had been no Old Colony station. No station was built at the former junction of the Old Colony main line with the Shawmut Branch, where the Old Colony's Harrison Square station had been operated, because it was very close to Fields Corner. Surface stations were built at Columbia and Savin Hill, at the site of Old Colony stations. This extension ran south from Andrew and turned southeast to surface and run along the west side of the Old Colony Railroad mainline in a depressed right-of-way. The MTA bought the branch and opened the first phase of the Dorchester Extension to Fields Corner on November 5, 1927. Old Colony and later New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad passenger service operated on the Shawmut Branch until September 4, 1926. The upper level has since been incorporated into the mezzanine. The Broadway station included an upper level with its own tunnel for streetcars, which was abandoned in 1919 due to most lines being truncated to Andrew. Further extensions opened to Broadway on Decemand Andrew on June 29, 1918, both prepayment stations for streetcar transfer. Extensions (built as the Dorchester Tunnel) to Washington Street and South Station opened on Apand December 3, 1916, with transfers to the Washington Street Tunnel and Atlantic Avenue Elevated respectively. On the Boston side of the bridge, the line became elevated, rising to go over Charles Circle and into a tunnel through Beacon Hill to Park Street. The tunnel ran from Harvard under Massachusetts Avenue and Main Street to the Longfellow Bridge, where it ran along the middle of the bridge (opened in 1906). At Harvard, a prepayment station was provided for easy transfer to streetcar routes operating in a separate tunnel (now the Harvard Bus Tunnel). The Red Line was the last of the four original subway lines to begin construction, with the Cambridge Tunnel opening from Eliot Yard and Harvard to Park Street on the Tremont Street Subway on March 23, 1912. That railroad was incorporated in 1870, taken over by the Old Colony Railroad, and opened in 1872 as an alternate route between the Old Colony's main line at Harrison Square and the Dorchester and Milton Branch Railroad, which branched from the Old Colony at Neponset and ran west to Mattapan. The oldest right-of-way on the Red Line is south of South Boston, where the Ashmont Branch was built on the path of the former Shawmut Branch Railroad. 5.3 Braintree Branch (originally South Shore Line). Check out the Life Sciences Brochure here. This subway line serves as a link with over 15 stops between the five cities. The Life Sciences Corridor is connected by the Massachusetts Bay Authority Transit Authority (MBTA) Red Line. These five cities have a strong presence in the life sciences industry, benefiting from skilled labor force availability, leading universities in advancing academic science fields, innovative research and development districts, proximity to major research hospitals, and strategic presence of venture capital resources. The cities of Boston, Cambridge, Quincy, and Somerville have launched the Life Sciences Corridor, a regional economic development initiative focused on the life sciences sector.
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